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At least some studies say that the vast majority of mitochondrial DNA of Ashkenazi Jews is of European origin.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Jews

That suggests that at some point, the Jews of Europe were a bit flexible with their matrilineal lineage rules.

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I recall seeing comment that the Ashkenazi can be traced to 4 (surviving) mitochondrial lineages. With speculation that shortly after destruction of the Temple Jewish men emigrating into Europe married local women.

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